The iPhone is really big in Japan (it's one of the few countries where it has a higher market share than in the US) which probably makes it more worthwhile for Apple
That doesn't make any sense. It's supported on local phones for both iOS and Android. What iOS does that's special is enable FeliCa for all regions globally. It only affects people from outside Japan traveling there.¹
Since it's not free for them, I assume they determined the amount of people in their key demographic that visit Japan was worth providing a stellar experience. Considering 2.7 million Americans visited last year, it was probably a bet that's paying off.
¹ Or, incidentally, people who live there but purchase phones overseas to avoid an obnoxious camera shutter sound forced on at all times.
I do wonder who it is that has all of these android phones in the US (nearly 40% by the statistics). In my extended friend group only one person other than me uses an Android phone.
People who can't afford to spend $599 on a phone. Or those who can afford it but can send picture messages all the same on a phone that costs hundreds less.
I did something similar where I left an old Android phone at home and logged in to what I think used to be messages.android.com (now google.com) from a laptop praying the session wouldn't get lost before I got back from my trip. :)
Lately though, SMS works over WiFi calling and usually if I need a real SMS where Google Voice won't cut it, it can wait for WiFi...
That's not the case for JPL missions (the paper originally is from JPL) which generally have 2 separate independent computers where 1 is active at a time.
Since they're independent, the 2 computers don't actually have to run the same software, I believe during Mars entry descent and landing the standby compute element runs a different less sophisticated but easier to validate version of the EDL code to take over if any fault is detected while the primary software is running. (I was going to do a quick check on dataverse.jpl.nasa.gov to confirm that but it seems to be down)
Also I think a few years ago on the Mars Curiosity rover (2012) there was some corruption in the flash storage on one of the computers that prevents the full flight software from being loaded on to it, so instead it runs a stripped-down version of the code with very limited functionality to function as a lifeboat in case the fully-working computer ever fails. https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9843266
If you're insured, more likely than not you don't have a copay for general vaccines like flu shots; they're considered preventative care and most health care plans are required to cover them for free.
This post doesn't seem to mention the key and signature sizes, so from the paper abstract: "Targeting the post-quantum NIST-1 level of security, our implementation results in signatures of 204 bytes, secret keys of 16 bytes and public keys of 64 bytes."