fn prints_output(value: &str) @ mut std::io::Output {
println!("side effects! value: {}", value);
}
effect CurrentTime {
pub date_time: DateTime<Utc>
}
fn takes_context() @ CurrentTime dt -> String {
dt.date_time.format("%H:%M").to_string()
}
// combine effects for shorter declarations
// `?mut` is only mutable if the function declares it as `mut`
effect TimeAndOutput = CurrentTime + ?mut std::io::Output;
fn implicit_pass() @ mut TimeAndOutput {
prints_output(takes_context());
}
fn creates_new_context() @ mut std::io::Output {
// you only need to create the context thats not passed automatically
implicit_pass(@CurrentTime { date_time: DateTime<Utc>::now() });
}
effects can also have private fields and methods realized as a function pointer. that means `Output::print` can do different things in a simple cli app and a server framework with advanced logging. the calling function never knows the details.
syntax not final obviously and idk if it should be called "effect" or "context" so im using both. every function has to declare them but theres no big ergonomics hit when you have union effects and ide autocomplete. might not be easy to implement this in practice but the concept is simple, its basically some extra objects that get automatically passed through kinda like react context.
a function that takes no context and no &mut parameters is pure, if it takes only "shared" context its view (no side effects but depends on shared state). this can be used to let the compiler optimize better or guarantee security, like proc macros have to be pure or build.rs can only log to a provided output. of course you need to forbid unsafe code in the untrusted module to make it safe.
It does not. The $1 of electricity can be simplified to just a $1
However, the way the parent worded it ie $1 of compute electricity - requires the compute to exist and temporarily be loaned. Otherwise “just a $1” would require a massive capex to buy/build compute.
Self driving cars have existed for at least a year now. It only took a decade of “1 years away” but it exists now, and will likely require another decade of scaling up the hardware.
I think AGI is going to follow a similar trend. A decade of being “1 years away”. Meanwhile, unlike self driving the industry is preemptively solving the scaling up of hardware concurrently.
Having both worked at Amazon and still in the cloud industry, to me this seems like a strange take.
Apple leases these computers from Amazon like it would from any other colo. Why wouldn’t these servers be considered Apple servers?
Barring a major privacy violation by AWS (which doesn’t seem likely), or some other sort of 0-day hack the data on these servers is entirely private to Apple.
This means trusting AWS’s privacy policies too, which users aren’t always aware of or expecting when Apple promises full control. It’s about honest transparency.
We pay a premium for Apple's privacy restrictions and then end up being tricked to rely on Amazon's. It is false advertisement to say the least....
When Apple says your data doesn't leave their servers, that doesn't mean those servers have to be in their own datacenters or that Apple doesn't have other vendors that help them deliver their service. It also doesn't mean those companies have access to your unencrypted data. That data also, by necessity, likely traverses other networks in encrypted form on its way between you and Apple.
Apple claims that data they are in full control of your data from Safari, Maps, and Spotlight etc.... Data center or not, this contradicts both the spirit and letter of that promise.
If you have any evidence that Amazon is accessing the data of their leased tenants, that would be an earth shattering indictment of the entire cloud industry
It would be akin to accusing Datapipe or any other provider of pulling drives out of any client with racked servers in their data centers.
And that’s exactly why high security applications don’t use cloud like this; because that can never be guaranteed by some policy compliance certificate. That’s the only thing stopping them from pulling drives, etc.
If Apple is leasing physical servers from Amazon, without Amazon further involved in running them (other than dealing with hardware issues), then this argument holds water. Otherwise it doesn’t, even if they’re using Amazon VMs or some higher level services. A VM hosted on someone else’s physical platform is not an “own servers” in this context (which is who has access to the data).
I know HN is very imbued with the cloud approach, and maybe from that perspective running your own servers is just so unthinkable it may as well not exist at all, you don’t get to change how language works. If someone says they’re running on “their own servers” that always means the whole stack including physical and up.
Ownership is determined not only by who pays for it, but also who has direct access to the actual devices.
Yes-ish. When you're making broad "trust us" claims to consumers - who don't know the industry or its practices, let alone the technical details - then the really honest approach is to follow those consumer's understanding of your promises.
Otherwise, they might end up feeling that they were duped by the weasel-words of a sleazy lawyer.
Maybe some might feel that way at first, but it’s also an opportunity and responsibility to educate.
This problem is why enterprise contractual agreements and large compliance systems exist for companies at this scale. Large hosting providers like AWS, Azure, GCP, etc. provide an ability to scale and assurances about risk mitigation, privacy, and availability that are much more viable than each company having to maintain their own private in-house fleets just to create an additional illusion of privacy/security that’s actually no better than tight contractual controls to begin with.
Maybe they need to explain this properly, but servers don’t magically have a lower level of risk just because they’re behind your four walls. In fact, if you lack the experience and expertise, the risk is almost certainly higher depending on your threat model. (And for Apple, their threat model is at the nationstate level. They don’t choose their hosting providers lightly.)
I think one of the most important lessons in life (even as a healthy person) is realizing “motivation and action are cyclically causal”
Of course “action follows motivation” but even when not motivated “motivation follows action”.
For example, even as a healthy person I am not always motivated to go to the gym after a busy day at work which I am “so tired from”. I go dispite the lack of motivation. Unsurprisingly, I walk out of the gym feeling re-motivated and “with more energy”.
Acting with neither intrinsic nor extrinsic motivation is technically impossible, no? Otherwise, i wonder how this mysterious third force compelling you into a gym absent motivation relates to your personal psychology / environment, and how executive dysfunction (both genetic, and technology-induced) fits into the picture.
You can take advantage of this phenomenon to snowball small actions into bigger ones, too. To get into the habit of working out, I started going to the gym everyday. I didn't work out everyday, but the act of going out of my way to be at the gym lent me the motivation to actually work out more often than not.
I now get to the gym (or some form of exercise) 6 days a week. That was entirely because I made the decision to go to the gym and watch some YouTube.
Then I’d end up staying 90 mins but I’d get my 50 min workout in with a lot of long breaks! Then things started becoming a habit but I still have many days where I just watch YouTube at the gym lol
I turn a lot of real photos into cartoons. I love the feature!
Most recently I took a photo of my grandma and me, asked Gemini to make it a cartoon, asked Gemini to make the new variant into a birthday card.
My grandma loved it! I was happy to make her something custom. Buying people cards just never felt right to me. Writing was also never my strongest suit - so this new form of expression for me has been enhancing :)
The only remaining thing I need to do better is getting the card printed! I wish that also was only 12seconds of work.
